French and English Bilingual Books

Review Questions for Microeconomic Concepts - 1772 Words

CHAPTER 6 Review Questions: 6-2 What is the term structure of interest rates, and how is it related to the yield curve? Term structure interest rate is a rate which relates the interest rate or rate of return to the time to maturity. The yield curve is a graph of relationship between the debt’s remaining time to maturity and its yield to maturity. Term structure of interest rate can be shown graphically by yield curve. The shape of the yield curve will show the useful ways to future interest rate expectation. 6-3 For a given class of similar-risk securities, what does each of the following yield curves reflect about interest rates: (a) downward-slopping; (b) upward-slopping; and (c) flat? Which form has been historical dominant? For a given class of similar-risk securities, A downward yield curve shows cheaper long-term borrowing lists than the short-term borrowing lists (inverted yield curve). Upward yield curves represent cheaper short-term borrowing lists than the long-term borrowing lists (normal yield curve). The flat one shows similar borrowing costs for both short-term and long-term loans. 6-4 Briefly describe the following theories of general shape of the yield curve: (a) expectation theory; (b) liquidity preference theory; and (c) market segmentation theory. Expectation theory implies that the yield curve reflects investors’ expectation about the future interest rate and inflation. Higher the future inflation rate, higher the long-termShow MoreRelatedReflection on Microeconomics Class998 Words   |  4 PagesReflection on Microeconomics Class Microeconomics is the economic influences that impact at the micro, or firm, rather than macro level. The study of this subject is one that is highly valuable for any studying business with the provision of knowledge that will increase understanding of different influences and support the decision making processes. With the knowledge gained, along with the skills in applying that knowledge developed through class work and exercises for the different modules,Read MoreEconomics : Basic Economic Concepts Essay3027 Words   |  13 PagesKingman Academy of Learning Economics a Social Science Basic Economic Concept Jordan Mcdowell Civics K.David 5 December 2016 . Economics a Social Science Basic Economic Concept Scarcity Supply and Demand Utility Measurement of Economic Performance Gross domestic product (GDP) National Income and Price Determination Stabilization Policies Demand management policy Fiscal policy Monetary Policy Economic Growth Open Economy: International Trade and Finance Read MorePrinciples of Microeconomics Fifth Canadian Edition20085 Words   |  81 PagesLicensed to: iChapters User PRINCIPLES OF MICROECONOMICS: A G U I D E D T O U R PART ONE: INTRODUCTION Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Ten Principles of Economics Thinking Like an Economist Interdependence and the Gains from Trade The study of economics is guided by a few big ideas. Economists view the world as both scientists and policymakers. The theory of comparative advantage explains how people benefit from economic interdependence. PART TWO: SUPPLY AND DEMAND I: HOW MARKETSRead MoreSupply and Demand and Study Guide20292 Words   |  82 PagesECO11 (ver8) MICROECONOMICS 1 STUDY GUIDE ECO11 MICROECONOMICS 1 STUDY GUIDE  © University of South Australia 2009 This work was printed from camera-ready copy submitted by the Unit Coordinator. The Flexible Learning Centre of the University of South Australia was not involved in its production. CONTENTS Contents 3 Introduction 5 An introduction to the economic perspective 13 Demand and supply 17 ElasticityRead MoreSustainable Competitive Advantage Through Core Competencies in a Resource Based Approach1633 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion: The ability of some firms to sustain longer term competitive advantage relates to their capabilities according to the resource based theory of the firm. Summarise this approach to explain why some firms perform better than others in an industry. Sustainable Competitive Advantage Within all economies there have always been firms that are destined for success and firms that are doomed to failure... or have there? Is this an inevitable outcome predestined by exterior market forcesRead MoreMicroeconomics/Macroeconomics Chapter 1 Questions and Answers5717 Words   |  23 PagesFINANCIAL SECTION OF THE NEWSPAPER, BUT ALSO IS VERY MUCH A PART OF THEIR EVERYDAY LIVES. BEGINNING WITH THE ECONOMIC PROBLEM OF SCARCE RESOURCES BUT UNLIMITED WANTS, THIS CHAPTER PROVIDES AN OVERVIEW OF THE FIELD AND THE ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES USED. CONCEPTS INTRODUCED INCLUDE: RESOURCES, GOODS AND SERVICES, THE ECONOMIC ACTORS IN THE ECONOMY, AND MARGINAL ANALYSIS. TWO MODELS FOR ANALYSIS, THE CIRCULAR FLOW MODEL AND STEPS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD, ARE INTRODUCED. THE APPENDIX INTRODUCES THE USE OFRead MoreAns1A Essay1015 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Microeconomics: Week 1 Review Questions 1) Suppose that the wages of young high school graduates fell. In what sense has the true â€Å"cost† of a college education been changed by this development. Other things equal, if wages of young high school graduates decline, the potential alternative use of time spent studying in higher education†¦namely, working with only a high school education†¦has relatively less value. Therefore, the opportunity cost of student study time measured in foregone wages isRead MoreThe Concept Of National Competitiveness1492 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The concept of national competitiveness has become a key issue to managers of firms and understanding it has important ramification for policy makers as well. While most agree on the idea of competitive firms, the notion of competitive nations is vague at best. Even with all the debate, discussion, and research there is still no pervasive theory. In fact, there is not even an accepted definition. Classical economic theorists dismiss the concept of competitiveness all together andRead MoreThis literature review aims to review the debate as to whether military expenditure has a positive1500 Words   |  6 PagesThis literature review aims to review the debate as to whether military expenditure has a positive or negative impact on economic growth in Israel, in order that gaps in the literature can be identified with a view to identifying a research question for this dissertation. This literature review will accordingly examine the main schools of thought in regard to the impact on economic growth. The connection between military expenditure and economic growth has been analyzed from several perspectivesRead Moreintermediate accounting 2 test bank Essay8318 Words   |  34 Pagesmeans there’s a very high chance that you will see a very similar, if not exact the exact, question in the test! - The file is either in .doc, .pdf, excel, or zipped in the package and can easily be read on PCs and Macs. - Delivery is INSTANT. You can download the files IMMEDIATELY once payment is done. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us. Our response is the fastest. All questions will always be answered in 6 hours. This is the quality of service we are providing and we

Causes and Effects of Cold War-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: What Were the Causes and Effects of Cold War In 19th Century? Answer: Introduction The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze the major causes of cold war in the 19th century along with the impacts that came along as a result of the cold war. Therefore, this paper analyzes part of modern history where many countries involved in making this history. There are a number of wars that have affected the world in a particular period of time. For instance, from the year 1914 to 1918, the world experienced the First World War which involved many nations such as triple alliance (Beevok 2014). These wars moved chronologically with time and the causes and effects were associated with different attributes of superiority complex. Later on, the world experience the Second World War between the years 1939 to 1945. These wars have been caused by human activities and the effects of these wars have been absorbed by the same human beings. Other wars included the Gulf War. For the purpose of this paper, we consider Cold War that occurred after the Second World War of 1945. Ther efore, the causes and effects of Cold War will flow chronologically between the years 1945 to 1991. To begin with, the first question that comes to mind of any historian is, what is Cold War? Cold War can be defined typically as a state of fear, the geopolitical tension that occurred after the year 1945 when Second World War ended. Cold War took place between different world powers such as the powers in the Western Bloc and the powers in the Eastern Bloc between the years 1947 to 1991 (Beevok 2007). It involved superior powers such as the United States of America, NATO, and the Soviet Union. For clarity, the powers in the Eastern Bloc were formed by the Soviet Union together with its satellite states (Beevok 2012). On the side of Western Bloc, the United States of America together with NATO allies combined to respond to Eastern Bloc. Along with these two blocs, other western colonies joined the Cold War in 1947. These other parties included Congo, Indonesia, and Vietnam. From that background, this paper aims to answer the analogy of what caused the Cold War and the impacts of this war on the entire world and especially the participants of the war. Causes of Cold War. Cold War was caused by many factors that were rotating between the Eastern Bloc and the Western bloc. These causes are traced from different perspectives. They can be traced from political aspects, social aspects, economic aspects, ideological aspects, and superiority complex. According to the article published by George Orwell in the year 1945, one of the main political cause of Cold War was propaganda. This propaganda was based on the aspects of the development of nuclear weapons. According to the article, it was anticipated that there would be a nuclear superiority between the superpowers in Easter Bloc and Western Bloc. This propaganda made geopolitical tension to increase in the Western bloc and in the Eastern Bloc. This is because the complexity of nuclear weapons in terms of damage cannot be underestimated. These weapons have been described by military analysts as weapons of mass destruction (Gilbert 2004). Therefore, each bloc feared since in case one bloc possessed nuclear weapons, then they could have been used to victimize the other bloc. More damage would have been caused to millions of people and property if any bloc used these weapons to fight against their competitors. Devastating effects of nuclear weapons were mentioned by the presidential adviser and America financier Bernard Baruch in the year 1947 at a speech that was offered to a State House in Columbia. Another cause of Cold War was differences in political ideologies. These ideological differences were traced from the former Allies involved in the Second World War. The different ideologies were attributed to conflicts over Europe. By the end of the Second World War, Europe was completely torn by the effects of the war. According to the article written by Noreen Gunnell, many ideas were raised on what Europe will become after the Second World War (Beevok 2013). Many people said that Europe will never regain the superiority complex. This was not well coming to European nations. It automatically caused Cold War as Europe tried to regain the lost glory. Another major cause of the Cold war was the difference in political systems. Just after the end of the Second World War, there was a friendship that seemed to exist between the United States of America and the Soviet Union (Bosco 2014). The World was regaining peace. However, there was the emergence of tensions which were exacerbated by the loss of lives and economic losses in the Second World War. Both the Eastern Bloc and the Western Bloc decided to use different political systems of administrations. This direction made the two sides to apply political sanctions that caused Cold War. According to Soviet Union Leader Sir Joseph Stalin, the Soviet Union had lost over 20 million lives in the Second World War (Weiss 2013). In that case, he decided to employ a different political system to govern the Soviet Union. This created tension on the side of the United States of America. This resulted in the enactment of a new political System by the United States of America. This tension result ed in Cold War. Moreover, the other cause of Cold War was war devastation. The effects of the Second World War made both sides to lose a lot of economic wealth and loss of millions of lives (Barnett 2004). It was feared that each side would aim at recovering their economic status and revenge for their lost lives. In that connection, a moment of distrust occurred thus causing Cold War. The Soviet Union anticipated future attacks from the United States of America and vice versa. Furthermore, the disagreement over rebuilding Europe was another major cause of Cold War. Europe was highly affected by the Second World War and in particular Germany after the death of Adolf Hitler. The meeting held by the three leaders of the Allied Forces resulted in distrust and mutual hostility. The decision to subdivide Germany by Stalin, Churchill, and FDR of Allied forces was not taken in good faith (Bosco 2009). Disagreement arose when Stalin raised the idea of absorbing Germany and other European nations so as to spread communism. This resulted in the emergence of Cold War when Germany was split into different zones. According to the arguments raised by some historians, Cold War was caused by Soviet Union from one end and Americans on the other end. In that case, Soviet Union backpedaled the agreement so as to allow the community they ruled to embrace communism. Again, the people of Eastern Europe were allowed to determine their own fates. This resulted in application of totalitarian rule that made the territories to fall behind the Iron Curtain. On the other hand, the Americans ignored the decision of Soviet Union and their legitimate security (Leffler 2008). The Americans started intimidating the world by use of atomic bombs. They also wanted to recover from economic losses attributed by the Second World War by expanding their influence in international level as well as creating market dominance. In that case, Soviet Union retaliated causing the Cold War. The fact that Joseph Stalin was a dictator who used communism ideology to gain dominance in the world could as well contributed to emergence of Cold War. This is because, the American joined the Cold War so as to limit Stalin from inevitable totalitarian conquest. Later on in the 1960s, other sections of the world started having Cold War. The Vietnam War resulted in Cold War in Vietnam due to endemic government distrust and dishonesty (Zubok 2009). From that time, Cold War has been caused by many factors in political, social, economic and ideological differences in different parts of the world. However, in summary, the main causes of Cold War of 1945 to 1991 were contributed by the following aspects. The fear of communism by America and attacks associated with communist leaders. The dislike of Joseph Stalin the leader of Soviet Union. The fear of Americans atomic bombs by USSR. The fear of Capitalism by the Soviet Union and attacks associated with capitalist leaders. The actions of USSR in the Soviet zone of Germany. The refusal of sharing nuclear secrets with The expansion of west into Eastern Europe by USSR together with broken election promises. USSR feared attacks from the Americans. The need for USSR to secure the western Suspicion and distrust between the Soviet Union and America. Effects of Cold War. The impacts of Cold War were witnessed all over the world and they can be traced from different perspectives such as political effects, social effects, and economic effects. From the impacts of Cold War, we realize that war is devastating and very expensive. Cold War took place in chronological order which resulted in different effects. There was Cold War of 1947 to 1953, Cold War of 1953 to 1962, Cold War of 1962 to 1979, Cold War of 1979 to 1985 and Cold War of 1985 to 1991 (Westad 2007). From that chronological path of Cold War, the effects have been subjected to the society, both in the past and at present. To start with, the major effect of Cold War was experienced in Russia where spending on military matters was reduced drastically. This decision affected very heavily the military sector in Russia where many people lost their employment. The effect of Cold War in Russia can also be traced on 1990 when Russia embarked on a capitalist economy. In that case, the country experienced financial crisis associated with recession economic cycle. It is estimated that the financial crisis in Russia was much devastating than what was experienced by the United States of America along with Germany in the period of Great Depression. Another effect of Cold War was worsening of living standards of citizens in areas where Cold War was highly experienced. For instance in Russia. The living conditions in Russia worsened in post-Cold War period but the country started recovery since 1995 (Fink 2017). Again, Cold War resulted in superiority complex of United States of America. It is asserted that the United States of America became a superpower in 1989 by holding military alliances with over 50 countries worldwide. The deployment of over 1.5 million military troops to over 117 countries made the United States of America to become a superpower as a result of Cold War. In addition, a lot of people lost their lives due to the effects of Cold War. For instance, it is estimated that nearly 100,000 military soldiers from American origin lost their lives in Vietnam War along with Korean War (Knight 2012). In that connection, the effects of Cold War were associated with loss of property that was destroyed. This as well affected the economic conditions in the counties. For instance, it is estimated that the United States of America used over $8 trillion so as to service the war in Vietnam and Korea. Finally, Cold War resulted in Proxy Wars and local conflicts. In that case, a lot of interstate wars, revolutionary wars, ethnic wars and emergence of refugees was reported during Cold War period (Westad 2017). However, numerous nuclear legacies are identifiable from the Cold War. From the experience of Cold War, there has been the availability of modern technologies for nuclear energy and power. The other positive impact of Cold War is the application of radiations in medical treatment as well in healthcare improvement. Conclusion. In conclusion, despite the occurrence of Cold War from 1947 to 1991, the world has tried to maintain peace via peace agreement signed after the Cold War. My wish from what happened during Cold War period is to request the world to maintain peace so as to avoid the devastating effects of war. In that case, let us use the skills acquired during the Cold War to bring positive changes in the world (Gaddis 2006). The use of nuclear energy and power can be used positively in industrial production, environmental remediation, technological development and scientific research. Again, it is important to curb the risks associated with nuclear along with radiological terrorisms. References Barnett, MB 2004, Rules of the World: International Organizations in Global Politics, Cornell University Press. Beevok, A 2007, Stalingrad, Penguin. Beevok, A 2012, the Second World War, WN. Beevok, A 2013, the Second World War, Back Bay Books. Beevok, A 2014, D-Day: The Battle for Normandy, Penguin. Bosco, DL 2009, Five to Rule Them All: The UN Security Council and the Making of the Modern World, Oxford University Press. Bosco, DL 2014, Rough Justice: The International Criminal Court in a World of Power Politics, Oxford University Press. Fink, CK 2017, Cold War: An International History, Westview Press. Gaddis, JL 2006, the Cold War: A New History, Penguin Books. Gilbert, M 2004, the Second World War: A Complete History, Holt Paperbacks. Knight, W 2012, Cold War Worrier: A Memoir, PublishAmerica. Leffler, MP 2008, For the Soul of Mankind: The United States, the Soviet Union, and the Cold War, Hill and Wang. Weiss, TG 2013, the United Nations and Changing World Politics, Westview Press. Westad, OA 2007, the Global Cold War: Third World Interventions and the Making of Our Times, Cambridge University Press. Westad, OA 2017, the Cold War: A World History, Basic Books. Zubok, VM 2009, A Failed Empire: The Soviet Union in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev (The New Cold War History), The University of North Carolina Press.